本文源自哥倫比亞大學(xué)口述歷史專業(yè)2019屆畢業(yè)生字同學(xué)作為學(xué)生代表，于今年哥大文理研究生院研究生畢業(yè)典禮上的演講。

這是一個(gè)關(guān)于傾聽的故事，有他人的激情、脆弱、歧視和困苦，也有作者本人的愛與痛，掙扎與希望。

 

 

感謝Alonso院長(zhǎng)。

尊敬的Tolstoy常務(wù)副校長(zhǎng)、各位老師、家人、朋友，以及哥大文理研究生院2019屆的碩士畢業(yè)生們，

Thank you Dean Alonso; Executive Vice President Tolstoy; faculty and staff; family; friends; and of course, the MA Class of 2019,

我的媽媽依然沒能搞明白我在哥大學(xué)的是什么專業(yè)，她也不是唯一一個(gè)不明白的人。

My mom still doesn't understand what I was studying at Columbia, and she is not alone.

我接觸到的99%的人都不知道什么是口述歷史?？赡芤彩且?yàn)槲业陌l(fā)音，在我嘗試解釋之后，75%的人都會(huì)回答說：“噢，這和我了解的藝術(shù)史不太一樣。”

About 99% of people I have talked to have no idea of what oral history is. I guess because of my accent of pronouncing it, after my attempts to explain, 75% of them would say, "Oh, that's little bit different from what I thought of art history".

我不怪他們。與傳統(tǒng)的歷史研究相比，口述歷史是個(gè)相對(duì)年輕且不太知名的領(lǐng)域。在口述歷史學(xué)，我們通過采訪，了解過去，研究歷史。

I don't blame them. Compared to the traditional historical research, oral history is a fairly young and less well known field, which is the study of history by interviewing people who have personal knowledge of the past.

1948年，歷史學(xué)家兼記者艾倫·內(nèi)文斯在哥倫比亞大學(xué)設(shè)立了世界上第一個(gè)學(xué)術(shù)化的口述歷史項(xiàng)目。

In 1948, historian and journalist Allan Nevins created the first institution-based oral history program in the world, right here at Columbia.

自那以后，哥倫比亞大學(xué)口述歷史研究中心就成為了超過兩萬小時(shí)采訪錄音和轉(zhuǎn)錄文稿的基地。

Since then, the Columbia University Center for Oral History Research has become the home of over 20,000 hours of recorded and transcribed interviews.

今天，哥倫比亞大學(xué)也依然是美國(guó)唯一一所頒發(fā)口述歷史碩士學(xué)位的學(xué)校。這也是我來哥大的原因。

Today, Columbia is the only university in the country that offers the graduate program which solely focuses on oral history. And that's why I came to Columbia.

我還記得告訴媽媽我想在讀研期間學(xué)習(xí)口述歷史的那一天。

I remember the day I told my mom that I wanted to study oral history for graduate school.

她一輩子都住在中國(guó)。在中國(guó)，口述歷史研究比在美國(guó)更加少見。她非常困惑，但她依然想要表示支持，所以她立刻回答：“去吧!我相信你肯定能學(xué)得很好!”

She has lived in China her whole life, and oral history is even less known in my motherland. She was very confused but she wanted to be supportive. So she immediately replied, "Go for it! I'm sure you will be good at it."

幾個(gè)小時(shí)之后，她問我：“所以，寶貝，你剛剛說想學(xué)的那個(gè)專業(yè)是做什么的?你知道我很愛你，但是我只是想問，你確定畢業(yè)以后能找到工作嗎?”

Then after few hours, she asked me, "So sweetie, what was the thing you said you wanna study? And you know I love you, but are you sure that you can find a job after graduation?"

是的，未知確實(shí)讓人感到恐懼，但當(dāng)時(shí)，我依然只申請(qǐng)了一所學(xué)校，然后我被錄取了。就這樣，我成為了哥大口述歷史專業(yè)第十屆碩士學(xué)生。

Yes, the fear of an unforeseen future was real. But still, I only applied to one graduate program, I got in, and I became a member of the 10th Cohort of Oral History Master of Arts.

過去的一年里，我們了解了許多口述歷史的研究和實(shí)踐方法。但如果你想讓我用一句話總結(jié)，我會(huì)說，在這里我學(xué)會(huì)了如何“傾聽”(listen)，不僅僅是“聽見”(hear)，而是傾聽，真正的傾聽。

Throughout the program, we learnt a lot about the methodology and practice of oral history. But if you want me to sum it up into one sentence, I would say, I learnt how to listen, not hearing, but listening. Truly listening.

一開始，區(qū)分“聽”和“傾聽”對(duì)我來說有些困難。在中文里，我們用“聽”這一個(gè)詞來表示聽和傾聽兩種意思。對(duì)我來說，“傾聽”就是“聽”，它們都意味著用耳朵來接受信息。

At first, it was difficult for me to differentiate listening and hearing. In modern Mandarin, we only use the word 聽 to express both hear and listen. For me, listen was hear, hear was listen, just like 聽 was 聽, receiving information with one's ears.

然而，在哥大的學(xué)習(xí)過程中，我被反復(fù)告知，對(duì)于一個(gè)口述歷史學(xué)者來說，僅僅聽見你的采訪對(duì)象是不夠的。你必須保持敏銳，在采訪時(shí)專心致志、時(shí)刻思考。你必須傾聽。

However, I was told multiple times throughout the program - for an oral historian, hearing your interviewees' stories was not enough. You have to be alert. You have to give consideration and thoughtful attention. You have to listen.

所以，我盡我所能去傾聽。

So I tried my best to listen.

2017年秋天，我開始了在哥大的第一個(gè)口述歷史專題。我與Wikipedia的AfroCrowd項(xiàng)目組合作，探訪紐約地區(qū)的少數(shù)族裔和語言社群。

The first oral history project I conducted at Columbia was a project I collaborated with AfroCrowd, Wikipedia in Fall 2017, focusing on the marginalized ethnic and linguistic communities within the New York City area.

在那個(gè)學(xué)期，我采訪了一位反種姓制度的達(dá)特利社會(huì)活動(dòng)家。她在三歲的時(shí)候，因?yàn)槠つw比別人更黑，在學(xué)校里遭到歧視和霸凌。

During the semester, I listened to a young anti-Caste South Asian Dalit activist talking about the story of being discriminated and bullied in school because of her darker skin when she was three.

我采訪了紐約大學(xué)的一位教授兼海地語語言學(xué)家。曾經(jīng)，她用自己的母語海地克里奧爾語說話時(shí)，有陌生人靠近并試圖糾正她“糟糕”的法國(guó)口音。

I listened to an NYU professor and Haitian linguist telling the story of being approached by a stranger who wanted to correct her "poor" French when she was speaking her mother tongue Haitian Creole.

我還采訪了一位音樂家，他講述了自己在布魯克林的布什維克的創(chuàng)業(yè)故事——他在自己的社區(qū)里教孩子們黑加勒比人音樂。

I listened to a musician telling the story of starting his music entrepreneurship in Bushwick, Brooklyn and teaching Garifuna music to the children from his community.

我傾聽的故事多種多樣，它們關(guān)乎激情、痛苦、童年、脆弱、自尊、歧視、女性和愛。

I listened to the stories of passion, of pain, of childhood, of vulnerabilities, of pride, of discrimination, of womanhood, of love.

在傾聽馬里、薇妮和詹姆斯(譯者注：指上文提到的三位采訪對(duì)象)的過程中，我記錄下這些平凡的人們?yōu)榱耸刈o(hù)自己的文化傳統(tǒng)，以個(gè)體的力量各自戰(zhàn)斗。

During my journey of listening to Maari, Wynnie, and James, I found myself documenting ordinary people fighting to preserve their heritage from an individual and intimate approach.

我開始直面自己對(duì)其他文化和語言的無知。我跟他們站在一起，從他們的敘述中，審視各種文明的復(fù)雜性和包容性。

I found myself facing my ignorance of other cultures and languages. I found myself standing with them, reviewing on the complexity and inclusivity of civilizations that surfaced from personal narratives.

我開始明白，傾聽不僅僅是口述歷史學(xué)家的工作。沒有人是一座孤島，當(dāng)別人想要訴說自己的故事時(shí)，我們有義務(wù)留心傾聽。因?yàn)闊o論是低語還是吶喊，每個(gè)人的聲音都很重要。

Then I realized the ability to listen should not merely be an oral historian's job. No man is an island. We own the obligations to be mindful when others are trying to tell their stories, because every personal voice, mummering or loud, matters.

在口述歷史學(xué)中，我們相信個(gè)人的就是政治的，個(gè)體的就是公共的。

In oral history, we believe what is personal is political, what is individual is public.

我的文化人類學(xué)教授曾經(jīng)告訴我，對(duì)現(xiàn)在的媒體來說，周五晚上哪個(gè)球隊(duì)贏得了橄欖球比賽，比在某個(gè)非西方國(guó)家發(fā)生的恐怖襲擊要重要得多。她說：“非西方國(guó)家發(fā)生的慘劇在新聞播報(bào)中只有30秒，且在這些國(guó)家里發(fā)生的悲劇是唯一會(huì)被報(bào)道的事。”

My cultural anthropology professor once told me that in today's media, a terrorist attack in a non-western country is not even as important as which team won the football game on Friday night. "The TV will only give 30 seconds to the non-western tragedy, and tragedy is what they only report on these countries", she said.

 

 

對(duì)這些聲音的忽視鼓勵(lì)并滋養(yǎng)了今天社會(huì)、媒體和政治談話中對(duì)特定群體的無知和歧視。我們身為未來世界的希望，應(yīng)該做出改變。

The neglecting of some voices encourages and fosters arrogance and discrimination towards certain communities in today's society, media and political context. And we, as the promising future of our world, need to change that.

如果你問我，傾聽的旅程該從哪里開始，我會(huì)說：從傾聽別人生活中的掙扎開始。

If you ask me where to start the journey of listening, I would say, start with listening to other people's struggles in life.

在哥大讀書期間，我失去了兩個(gè)摯愛的人。

I lost two loved ones during my time at Columbia.

我的好朋友楠在2017年11月因癌癥離世。而在我寫碩士論文期間，從小養(yǎng)育我的姥姥也離開了人世。我難過萬分，逐漸支離破碎。

My good friend Nan died of cancer in November, 2017. Then I lost my grandmother who raised me since I was a baby while I was working on my thesis. I was devastated, gradually falling apart.

我不記得自己有過多少個(gè)無法入睡的夜晚，盯著天花板，就好像它能告訴我答案一樣。

I lost track of how many nights I couldn't fall asleep, staring at the ceiling like it would give me an answer.

我不記得自己有過多少個(gè)無法清醒的早晨，躲避著日光，就好像這樣能夠逃離一切。

I lost track of how many mornings I couldn't wake up, hiding myself from the sunlight like I could escape from everything.

我也有過許多自我懷疑的時(shí)刻——我真的可以完成這個(gè)學(xué)位嗎?我真的可以從痛苦和悲傷中走出來嗎?

There were many moments I doubted myself, would I ever be able to finish the program and move on with all the pain and grief?

然而，在哥大，有人聽到了我求助的聲音。不，他們不僅聽到了，他們還傾聽了我的掙扎。

However, someone at Columbia heard my creaking for help. No. They did not just hear it. They listened to it.

我的項(xiàng)目主任瑪麗·馬歇爾·克拉克、艾米·斯泰爾徹斯基，還有我的教授蓋里·埃爾波爾里，他們陪伴著我，傾聽我的痛苦，給予我理解和幫助，耐心地等待我從黑暗中走出來。

My program directors Mary Marshall Clark, Amy Starecheski, and my professor Gerry Albarelli were there, paying attention to my struggles, offering me understanding and help, and waiting for me to save myself from darkness with patience.

我清楚地記得艾米的郵件，還有在瑪麗·馬歇爾辦公室里的寧靜，她花了很多時(shí)間傾聽我的痛苦，并讓我相信，我的脆弱可以轉(zhuǎn)化為力量。

I remember Amy's emails. I remember the quietness of Mary Marshall's office, where she spent hours listening to my pain and convincing me that my vulnerabilities could be converted into my strength.

最終，我記錄下了自己經(jīng)歷的愛與死亡，以此完成了畢業(yè)論文。

Eventually, I finished an oral history article documenting my personal account of love and death as my graduation thesis.

現(xiàn)在，我從事著一個(gè)我真正信仰的工作，在全世界的社群傳播有價(jià)值的思想。換句話說，如果當(dāng)初沒有人傾聽我的掙扎，我現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)站在這里。

I landed in a job I truly believe in, bringing the ideas worth spreading to local communities around the globe. In other words, I couldn't be here without their listening to my struggles at the first place.

2019年的畢業(yè)生們，希望我們這代人不要回避走心的對(duì)話。請(qǐng)你們作為家人、伴侶、朋友，傾聽他人。

So my fellow of 2019 graduates, don't become the generation that is afraid of mindful converSATions. Go listen, as families, partners, and friends.

傾聽并不意味著你能夠立刻解決他們的問題，但傾聽本身會(huì)讓他們感受到自己被重視。

Listening to others will not automatically grant answers to their questions, but your listening will make someone realize they are valued.

有的時(shí)候，一個(gè)迷失的靈魂只是需要被一個(gè)人傾聽。

Sometimes one's lost soul just needs to be heard by one listener.

同時(shí)，也請(qǐng)你們作為社群的一員和關(guān)注社會(huì)的公民傾聽世界。傾聽來自不同文化、政治和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)背景的人，用另一個(gè)視角理解你以為已經(jīng)十分熟悉的世界。

Go listen, as members of communities and concerned citizens. Listen to people from different cultural, political, and socio-economic contexts. Listen to their perspectives of the world you thought you were familiar with.

讓我們?cè)诿咳盏膬A聽中，再次成為一個(gè)謙虛的學(xué)生。然后運(yùn)用我們?cè)诟绱笫斋@的知識(shí)和資源，傳播那些話語，搭建橋梁，改變或許就會(huì)隨之到來。

Become a humble student again in everyday's listening. Then utilize the knowledge and resources we harvested at Columbia, spread the words, build bridges, and wait for the changes you want to see in the world.

幾個(gè)月前，我的媽媽從中國(guó)來看我。她讓我?guī)タ纯葱@中我最喜歡的地方。

My mom visited me from China few months ago. She asked me to take her to my favorite place on campus.

我?guī)チ薒erner Hall里，那塊滾動(dòng)著超過151個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)名字的電子屏幕前。每一天，它都提醒著我，為什么自己一開始會(huì)選擇哥大：為了多樣的故事——那些不同的文化，不同的聲音。

I took her to the wall rolling the names of more than 151 countries at Lerner Hall. Everyday, it reminds me why I chose Columbia at the first place, for the stories, of different cultures, and of different voices.

謝謝大家，恭喜2019屆的畢業(yè)生們!今天是令人激動(dòng)的一天。讓我們共同慶祝，并從今天開始，傾聽別人的故事。

Thank you and congratulations again to my fellow class of 2019! It's an exciting day. Let's celebrate and enjoy, and start listening to other people from today.

希望每位留學(xué)生的大學(xué)生活都能有一個(gè)完美的Happy Ending。了解更多出國(guó)留學(xué)資訊，可隨時(shí)和威久留學(xué)專家聯(lián)系。